Our sense of balance results from a complex interplay of the following systems: The inner ears determine the direction of movement; such as rotation, front-back, side-side, up-down. The eyes see where the body is in space (standing, upside down) and the direction of movement. Tissue receptors are located in organs such as joints and spine, they sense which part of the body touches the ground and the position of the body in relation to the environment in three dimensions. Muscle and joint sensory receptors detect which parts of the body are moving. The central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) evaluates all findings from the other four systems and provides the relationship between them. Disturbance in any of these systems will manifest as dizziness.

 

Source:  http://www.kbb.org.tr